Piston.



H. A. MCGREGOR a N. KETCHAM;

PISTON.

Armenian man nn; 1. 1911.

Patented J an. 1, 1918.

, Il m .a

In t e accompanying drawing, there has 4.been illustrated `gvention7 in which:

. UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY A. MGGREGOR AND NATH'ANIEL KETCHAM,V 0F BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA.

PISTON.

To all whom, 'it may concern:

Be it known that we. lzliixii A. Mo- Giinoon and NA'iiiANiici. Kic'reiL-mr, citizens of the United StatesP residing at Bakersfield, in the county of lxerii' and State of California, have invented a new and useful Piston, of which the following is a specification.

' his invention relates to pistons for internal combustion engines.

An object ofthe invention is to do away with the piston pin which now used to a great extent and to provide in lieu thereof a ball 'bearing connection between the piston and the connecting rod or pitnian whereby very little power will be lost dnei to friction, and iiiwhich wear and tear will be to a great extent eliminated.

.Another object of the invention is to prol vide a construction which will eliminate the necessity for .reboring and regrinding the cylinders and which will not. erainp or wa the piston because of the noii:iliiieiiieiit of the piston withinthe cylinder diie to the Vlack of flexibility between the piston and the connecting rod.

. Another object of the invention is to provide a ball stud which is adjiistably mounted upon the connect-ing rod whereby the compression space can be decreased or increased, allowing the motor to attain its h ighest eiciency of power through compression.

` Another object of the invention is to provige a construction in which the connecting ro the motor and replaced. i

e invention has several advantages For instance, the' piston wall can be made thickness, wherfby the expanpiston Will find true alinementbecause of the fiexibility of the connection between the same and the crank shaft. y

Another advantage of the ball bearing connection resides in the fact that the piston is thereby allowed rotary motion which will keep the piston and cylinder walls in a perfeotly round condition.

one embodiment of the in- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional View through alpiston having one forni o f the in, vention connected there Specication of Letters Patent. Application filed April 7, 1917.

Aover and rests and bearings can be easily removed from Fig. 2 isla plan ing into members or cap.

Fig. 4 is atop bearing member.

Fig. 5 is a 'bottom bearing member.

. In the embodiment of illustrated7 a piston l of atented Jan. 1, 1918.

Serial No. 160,515.

view of the piston, look the open end thereof. Fig. 3 is aplan view of one of the bearing plan view of the lower plan view of the lower the invention here trunk construction and having Walls of substantially uniform tliicl thereof with a extending Webs forming a recess 3,

result-ing vertical edges of mess is provided upon the interior spider 2 comprising cast integral therewith.`

radially The 7,0 the spider are cut away as shown in Fig. 2. he

the outerllfortions o the webs form shoulders or abutmeii'ts 4.

portion of the spider is ma caring members.

accuratelyreceive one of The outer p'orti'ons 8.0 ing cap screws.

bearing member oi' block (i, preferably of bronze, is

against the caring member ginal flange 7 at the spider1 as sho openings 8 inl ulineiiicnt with the threaded openings within tl machined to fitsecurely in the recess 3 of the shoulders is provided with a man upon the outer firmly and spider and 4. (Fig. 1)'. This 85;`

one end which ext-ends portions vof wn in Fig. 1, and has ie bosses 5. The outer poi-tion of the bearing member G is inw' cliiiied to vprovide a spherical recess or Fitting over the ing member 6 is a substantially Vsemisock'et 9.

outer face of the bearcap or coperating bearing member lOliavmg ai marginal flange 11 engaging the flange of the bearingineinber his flange is also provided Wi'thopenings of the flange 6 and vings within the bosses 5. As shown 12 in alinemeiit with the openings 8 10b with thethreaded o enin lig.'

1. the inner portion of the cap is machined providing a semi-s 13 `which `forms socket which is inade. The cap i s 6, preferably 'comp l() with the member 2 by means of the through the sever plierical recess or vsocket with the recess 9 asplierical 105 :.isfiiearly perfect as can be like the bearing-member osed of bronze. The cap 6 -is secured to the spider 14 extending 11e al openings, whereby a construction is obtained 30 1 whereby the friction and wfear and tear is and one in which the b earin vmembers will not rotate with reference to t e piston. The A 4cap screws are 4locked by wire 15 laced through the heads of the screws.

A connecting rod or ltinan 16 is provided with journal-bearing evices 17 at one end for connecting the same to the crank shaft 17 and at its opposite end is provided with a ball 18. This ball is preferably com posed of drop fcrgcdsteel which is machi'ned to properly fit in the spherical 'socket of the bearing members in the piston and is perfectly round. The ball is rovided with a 'stud 19 and is mounted Within the spherical socket of the'bearing members 6-A and 10, the stud extending througha suitable opening 20 at the outer central portion of the cap 10. The stud 19 is threaded and is adjustabl mounted Within a threaded socket .21 in t e end of the connecting rod or pitman. The ball and stud are adjustably locked in position upon the-connecting rod by means ofa split lock nut 22 comprising anut portion 23 and conical locking por tion= said nut screwing upon the stud 1S). The outer end, of the rod 16 has a conical recess to receive the conicai portion of the nut.

The construction above described provides a very serviceable piston yand connection reduced to a min1mum, and in which the parts can be minutely adjusted and easiiy removed. The motion of the pistonwiii keep the bronze bearing members liiniiormly cooled` The bronze ball bearing members will also be provided with shiins, so as to be adj ustable to Wear, Lubricating openings are provided in the socket..

The numerous advantages of this .inveir tion have been fuily set forth above and need no elaboration here.

While we have shown and described' one embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that We' do not desire tobe/limited to the details of constrution erein shown and described for obvi'oiis edifications will be apparent to anyone skilled in the art. A

- *.What `is claimed is l 1'. The combination with a pistomof a pair of coperating bearing members di vided transversely to the path of.

of said piston and provided with recesses which together form a spherical socket, a connecting rod provided at one end with a tall' mounted between `said bearing inembers andmovable in said socket, and screws solely connecting the bearing members together and to the iston.

2. The combination with a piston having on its inner side an integralcrossed web forming a spider,A of bearing members'havings'. spherical socket andremovably mount edupon said spider the members being gepamovementimnee rated transversely to the path of movement of the iston, means concentrically of' the socket or securing said members to said spider, and 'a connecting rod provided with a ball movably mounted in said socket.

3. The combination with a. piston having a spider, a 'bearing member mounted -upon sai spider, a cap member mounted u on said bearing member, said members being provided with recesses providing a substantially spherical socken-means for clampingsaid members together and to the spider, and a connectin rod provided at one end with a ball mova l mounted in said socket.

4. The combination with a piston having a spider, the central portions .of said spider being cut away forming a recess, an inner bearing member mounted within said recess andprovided with a semi-spherica1-outer recess and a flange overlapping the outer portions of said spider`l a ca member provided with a semispherica inner recess :Forming with the first mentioned recess a spherical socket and adapted to fit upon said inner bearing member, means for securing id members to the spider, and a connecting rod provided with a ball at one end and movably mounted between said members in said socket.

5. The combination with a ball, of a oonnecting rod having a threaded socket and also provided with an inwardly tapered counterscat opening through one end of said rod, a threaded stud on the ball adjustably engaging; in said socket, and a nut adjustable on the stud and having a split locking portion for engagement in the counterseat.

S. The combination with a pistonfhaving spi A ierein comprising substantilillly ra-v dix' v .ending webs, the central portionsv of said webs being cut away .to form a. recem bosses provided with screw openings andformed 'upon said webs, a bearing member fitted in the recess of said spider, abutting the opposed edges of the outer portions vof the spider and having a flange extending over lsaid outer` portions, a cap member mounted above said rst-mentonedmember and having a Hange engaging the flange of -said firstfi'nentioned member, said members being recessed to provide a. spherical socket therebetween and said flanges having openings therethrough in' alinement with the sov openings in said bosses, screws extending through said openings for clamping said bearing members together and to said spider,. and a connecting rod provided with an adjustable ball at one end movably mounted in said socket.

7. Thecoinbination with a rod provided with a threaded Socket in one end, of a ball having a thread-ded studv adji'istably 'engag-i ing ing saidstud in position., :said means consisting ofanut 'ha-ving a conical splitporufrl Vvv .v

said threaded sockenandi means for lock i tion and a` eon'icai 'recess in the outer ond of the rod to engage the said coniteal portion.

8. Tho combination. of :i piston having its interior provided with interim: shoulders forming it recess', u bloot: fitted in said rocess: between said shonltlm'h` and formed from :L plurality of Ineiniiei'e providing u Socket, tho members being divided transvox'sely to the longitudinal axis of the rod, moans dotaMf-hubiy fastening tho members to the piston, and :1 connecting rod having t bail on its outer ond mounted in said socket.

9. The confibinatio'n4 with a piston having on its inner side n. spider, of :L sectional bearing divided transversely and removably 15 mounted in said spider, means for securing said bearing to the spider, and a connectn rod having movable connection with Sai bearing.

- In testimony, that We claim the forego- 20 ing as our own We have hereto aixed our` signatures 1n the presence of two Witnesses.

HENRY A. MGGREGOR. NATHANIEL KETCHAM,

Witnesses:

H. W. MGCRAL ZELLA REPLoGLE. 

